System Design

Introduction # In the landscape of 2025, distributed systems are the norm. We often reach for heavy-lifting tools like Kafka, RabbitMQ, or NATS JetStream immediately when we hear “message queue.” However, for many internal application workflows, micro-batching tasks, or decoupling services within a single monolith, these external dependencies introduce unnecessary latency, operational overhead, and serialization costs.

In the landscape of 2025, building microservices in Java has matured from an experimental architectural style to the de facto standard for large-scale enterprise applications. However, the complexity of distributed systems remains the primary challenge. Breaking a monolith into smaller services is the easy part; ensuring those services can find each other, communicate reliably, and withstand partial failures is where the real engineering happens.

Introduction # It is 2026. The days of monolithic, 2,000-line controller methods in PHP are—or at least should be—long behind us. Yet, as we scale our applications to handle the traffic demands of the modern web, we often hit a wall. A user registers, and suddenly your application is trying to save to the database, send a welcome email, subscribe them to a newsletter, generate an invoice, and notify a Slack channel. If any one of those third-party services hangs, your user is left staring at a loading spinner.

Introduction # In the landscape of modern backend architecture, caching is the unsung hero that stands between your database and a total meltdown. While tools like Redis or Memcached are industry standards, strictly using them without understanding their internals limits your growth as a senior engineer.

Mastering Event-Driven Architecture with Go and Apache Kafka # In the landscape of modern backend development in 2025, the shift from monolithic, synchronous systems to decoupled, event-driven architectures (EDA) is not just a trend—it’s a necessity for scale. While HTTP REST and gRPC have their place, they introduce tight coupling and latency chains that can cripple high-throughput systems.

It is 2025, and the landscape of backend development has solidified around high-concurrency, low-latency requirements. While the hardware isn’t getting infinitely faster per core, it is getting “wider”—more cores, more threads. Go (Golang) remains the undisputed champion of this domain, thanks to its lightweight goroutines and the CSP (Communicating Sequential Processes) model.